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EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM SKRINING KESEHATAN DALAM UPAYA MITIGASI RISIKO PENULARAN ERIDS SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PELABUHAN LEMBAR, NTB

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ABSTRAK
EFEKTIVITAS SISTEM SKRINING KESEHATAN DALAM UPAYA
MITIGASI RISIKO PENULARAN EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING
INFECTIOUS DISEASES (ERIDs) SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI
PELABUHAN LEMBAR, NTB
Rovera Nuriasti, Wahyu Sulistya Affarah, Bayu Tirta Dirja
Latar Belakang: Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (ERIDs)
merupakan ancaman kesehatan masyarakat global yang penyebarannya sangat
dipengaruhi oleh mobilitas manusia. Pelabuhan sebagai pintu gerbang pergerakan
manusia memiliki peran strategis dalam pencegahan dan deteksi dini penyakit
menular. Pelabuhan Lembar, sebagai salah satu pelabuhan utama di Nusa Tenggara
Barat, menjadi lokasi penting untuk menilai efektivitas sistem skrining kesehatan
selama pandemi COVID-19. Evaluasi ini diperlukan untuk mengetahui sejauh
mana sistem skrining berfungsi dalam mitigasi risiko penularan ERIDs di wilayah
pelabuhan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan
pendekatan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), wawancara mendalam, dan
analisis dokumen. Informan penelitian terdiri atas 11 partisipan yang berasal dari
lima instansi terkait, yaitu Balai Kekarantinaan Kesehatan (BKK), PT Pelabuhan
Indonesia (Pelindo), PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry, Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan
Otoritas Pelabuhan (KSOP), serta Balai Karantina Hewan, Ikan, dan Tumbuhan
(BKHIT). Analisis data dilakukan secara tematik menggunakan tahapan reduksi
data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan berdasarkan teori Miles dan
Huberman.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem skrining kesehatan di Pelabuhan
Lembar telah diterapkan sesuai dengan protokol nasional, meliputi pemeriksaan
dokumen perjalanan, pengukuran suhu tubuh menggunakan thermal scanner,
wawancara kesehatan, pemeriksaan rapid test dan PCR, serta tindak lanjut bagi
kasus positif melalui isolasi dan pelaporan ke instansi terkait. Meskipun demikian,
ditemukan beberapa kendala seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, fasilitas
yang belum memadai, dan koordinasi antarinstansi yang belum optimal. Ditemukan
pula bahwa mekanisme feedback dan evaluasi lapangan masih belum terintegrasi
secara maksimal dalam perbaikan prosedur operasional.
Kesimpulan: Sistem skrining kesehatan di Pelabuhan Lembar dinilai telah berjalan
cukup efektif dalam upaya mitigasi risiko penularan ERIDs selama pandemi
COVID-19, meskipun masih menghadapi tantangan dari segi sumber daya dan
koordinasi multisektor. Penguatan kolaborasi antarinstansi, pelatihan berkelanjutan
bagi petugas, serta evaluasi sistematis terhadap pelaksanaan skrining menjadi
langkah penting dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan pelabuhan terhadap potensi
wabah di masa mendatang.
Kata kunci: efektivitas, skrining kesehatan, ERIDs, COVID-19, Pelabuhan
Lembar
ABSTRACTviii
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE HEALTH SCREENING SYSTEM IN
MITIGATING THE RISK OF EMERGING AND RE-EMERGING
INFECTIOUS DISEASES TRANSMISSION DURING THE COVID-19
PANDEMIC AT LEMBAR PORT, WEST NUSA TENGGARA
Rovera Nuriasti, Wahyu Sulistya Affarah, Bayu Tirta Dirja
Background: Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (ERIDs) remain a
global public health concern whose transmission is highly influenced by human
mobility. Ports, as key gateways of human movement, play a strategic role in
preventing and detecting infectious diseases early. Lembar Port, as one of the main
ports in West Nusa Tenggara, serves as a critical point for assessing the
effectiveness of the health screening system during the COVID-19 pandemic. This
evaluation aims to determine how effectively the screening system has functioned
in mitigating the risk of ERIDs transmission within the port area.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive qualitative design using Focus
Group Discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews, and document analysis. A total
of 11 informants were selected through purposive sampling, representing five
related institutions: the Health Quarantine Office (BKK), PT Pelabuhan Indonesia
(Pelindo), PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry, the Port Authority Office (KSOP), and the
Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Office (BKHIT). Data were analyzed
thematically following the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and
conclusion drawing based on the Miles and Huberman framework.
Results: The findings show that the health screening system at Lembar Port was
implemented in accordance with national protocols, consisting of travel document
verification, temperature checks using thermal scanners, health interviews, rapid
and PCR testing, and follow-up actions for positive cases through isolation and
official reporting. However, several operational challenges were identified,
including limited human resources, insufficient facilities, and suboptimal interagency coordination. Moreover, the feedback and evaluation mechanisms were not
yet fully integrated into the standard operating procedures for continuous
improvement.
Conclusion: The health screening system at Lembar Port was found to be relatively
effective in mitigating the risk of ERIDs transmission during the COVID-19
pandemic, despite existing challenges related to resources and coordination.
Strengthening intersectoral collaboration, continuous training for field personnel,
and systematic evaluation of the screening process are essential steps to enhance
port preparedness for future infectious disease outbreaks.
Keywords: effectiveness, health screening, ERIDs, COVID-19, Lembar Port

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1370

Penerbit

Mataram : FKIK Unram., 2026

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Rov e 2026

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KTI 2026

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

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