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ANALISIS HUBUNGAN STADIUM KANKER KOLOREKTAL TERHADAP KADAR INTERLEUKIN-33 (IL-33) DAN KADAR CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN (CEA)

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ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kanker kolorektal (KKR) adalah kanker pada mukosa kolon atau
rektum, dengan insidensi tertinggi ketiga di dunia. Di Indonesia, prevalensinya
mencapai 12,8 per 100.000 orang. Pada tahun 2019, RSUD Provinsi NTB mencatat
160 kasus, menjadikannya penyakit paling banyak di poliklinik bedah digestif.
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), sitokin dari keluarga IL-1, berperan penting dalam
patogenesis kanker melalui regulasi respons inflamasi dan angiogenesis.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) digunakan sebagai penanda tumor terutama
kanker kolorektal (KKR). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh stadium
KKR terhadap kadar IL-33 dan CEA.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan studi
cross-sectional. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder yang diambil dari rekam
medis. Subjek dari penelitian ini ialah pasien KKR pada periode 2023-2024 di
Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang memiliki hasil
pemeriksaan kadar CEA dan kadar protein IL-33. Data penelitian kemudian diolah
dengan uji univariat non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis
Hasil: Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 24 pasien dengan karakteristik subjek
didapatkan 16 pasien (66,7%) laki-laki dan 8 pasien (33,3%) perempuan dengan
rerata usia pasien yang mengalami kanker kolorektal adalah 52,00 ? 12,84
tahun. Stadium terbanyak yang dijumpai adalah stadium IIIB (41,7%), dan lokasi
tumor paling sering ditemukan pada rektosigmoid sebanyak 18 pasien (75%).
Pemeriksaan kadar CEA dan kadar IL-33 menunjukkan tren peningkatan tertinggi
rerata kadar CEA (183,33 ? 95,89 ng/mL) dan IL-33 (183,33 ? 95,89 pg/mL) pada
stadium IV kanker kolorektal. Hasil uji korelasi stadium kanker kolorektal terhadap
kadar CEA didapatkan p=0,107 (p?0,05) dan hubungan stadium kanker kolorektal
terhadap kadar IL-33 menunjukkan nilai p = 0,401 (p ? 0,05)
Simpulan: Stadium kanker kolorektal tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang
signifikan terhadap kadar IL-33 dan kadar CEA. Namun, kedua biomarker tersebut
mengalami peningkatan pada kasus kanker kolorektal, khususnya pada kasus
dengan metastasis, sehingga tetap berpotensi sebagai indikator progresivitas
penyakit.
Kata kunci: Kanker kolorektal, Interleukin-33, Carcinoembryonic antigenviii
ABSTRACT
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy affecting the mucosa of the
colon or rectum and ranks as the third most common cancer globally. In Indonesia,
its prevalence reaches 12.8 per 100,000 individuals. In 2019, the Provincial General
Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara (RSUD Provinsi NTB) recorded 160 cases, making
it the most frequently diagnosed condition in the digestive surgery outpatient clinic.
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family, plays a significant
role in cancer pathogenesis through the regulation of inflammatory responses and
angiogenesis. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is commonly utilized as a tumor
marker, particularly in colorectal cancer. This study aims to analyze the influence of
CRC staging on IL-33 and CEA levels.
Methods: This study is using an analytical observational design with a crosssectional approach. The data used were secondary data obtained from medical
records. The study subjects included CRC patients treated at the Provincial General
Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara during the 2023?2024 period who had documented
results for both CEA and IL-33 protein levels. Data were analyzed using the nonparametric univariate Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: This study involved 24 colorectal cancer patients, consisting of 16 males
(66.7%) and 8 females (33.3%), with a mean age of 52.00 ? 12.84 years. The most
frequently observed clinical stage was stage IIIB (41.7%), and the most common
tumor location was the rectosigmoid region, found in 18 patients (75%). Examination
of CEA and IL-33 levels revealed the highest mean concentrations in stage IV
colorectal cancer, with CEA at 183.33 ? 95.89 ng/mL and IL-33 at 183.33 ? 95.89
pg/mL. Correlation analysis between clinical stage and CEA levels yielded a p-value
of 0.107 (p ? 0.05), while the correlation between clinical stage and IL-33 levels
showed a p-value of 0.401 (p ? 0.05), indicating no statistically significant
association.
Conclusion; The stage of colorectal cancer does not show a significant association
with IL-33 and CEA levels. However, both biomarkers tend to increase in colorectal
cancer cases, particularly in those with metastasis, so both the biomarker has their
potential role as indicators of disease progression
Keywords: Colorectal cancer, Interleukin-33, Carcinoembryonic antigen

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Ketersediaan

Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

1398

Penerbit

Mataram : FKIK Unram., 2026

Deskripsi Fisik

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Bahasa

Indonesia

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

DTS 610 Ida a 2026

Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

-

Subjek

KTI 2026

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

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Versi lain/terkait

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