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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN Rhizophora mucronata TERHADAP KADAR MALONDIALDEHID SERUM TIKUS YANG DIINDUKSI SKOPOLAMIN
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN Rhizophora
mucronata TERHADAP KADAR MALONDIALDEHID SERUM TIKUS
YANG DIINDUKSI SKOPOLAMIN
Haulya Razkianita
ABSTRAK
Daun Rhizophora mucronata mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan pigmen
antioksidan dengan aktivitas antioksidan kuat (IC50 14,31 ? 0,13 ?g/mL).
Skopolamin merupakan senyawa yang dapat menyebabkan stres oksidatif,
ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar malondialdehid (MDA). Pemberian ekstrak
dengan aktivitas antioksidan berpotensi menurunkan kadar MDA. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata
terhadap kadar MDA serum tikus yang diinduksi skopolamin dosis 4 mg/kgBB.
Desain percobaan menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Penelitian
ini menggunakan 24 ekor tikus Sprague-Dawley yang dibagi secara acak menjadi
enam kelompok, meliputi kontrol normal (tanpa perlakuan), kontrol negatif
(normal saline 0,9%), kontrol positif (donepezil 5mg/kgBB), dan tiga kelompok
uji (ekstrak dosis 400, 800, 1000 mg/kgBB). Kadar MDA diukur menggunakan
metode Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS). Data kadar MDA
sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan ekstrak pada kelompok yang sama dianalisis
secara statistik menggunakan SPSS Versi 25 dengan uji wilcoxon (p<0,05) dan
paired T-test (p>0,05) serta selisih kadar MDA antar kelompok di analisis dengan
kruskal-wallis (p<0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa induksi skopolamin
4 mg/kgBB selama 14 hari tidak meningkatkan kadar MDA serum tikus secara
signifikan. Kadar MDA cenderung menurun pada kelompok kontrol normal,
kontrol negatif, serta kelompok ekstrak dosis 400 mg/kgBB, sedangkan
peningkatan kadar MDA terdapat pada kelompok kontrol positif dan kelompok
ekstrak dosis 800 serta 1000 mg/kgBB. Namun perbedaan tersebut tidak
berpengaruh secara signifikan (p>0,05). Dengan demikian, pemberian ekstrak
etanol daun Rhizophora mucronata tidak dapat menurunkan kadar MDA serum
tikus yang diinduksi skopolamin.
Kata kunci: antioksidan; daun Rhizophora mucronata; malondialdehid;
skopolamin; stres oksidatif.viii
THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Rhizophora mucronata
LEAVES ON SERUM MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN
SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED RATS
Haulya Razkianita
ABSTRACT
Rhizophora mucronata leaves contain flavonoid compounds and antioxidant
pigments with strong antioxidant activity (IC?? 14.31 ? 0.13 ?g/mL). Scopolamine
is a compound that can induce oxidative stress, which is characterized by an
increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Administration of extracts with
antioxidant activity has the potential to reduce MDA levels. This study aimed to
determine the effect of the ethanol extract of Rhizophora mucronata leaves on
serum MDA levels in rats induced with scopolamine at a dose of 4 mg/kg. The
experimental design used a pretest?posttest control group design. This study used
24 Sprague?Dawley rats that were randomly divided into six groups, consisting of
a normal control group (without treatment), a negative control group (0.9%
normal saline), a positive control group (donepezil 5 mg/kg), and three treatment
groups (extract doses of 400, 800, and 1000 mg/kg). MDA levels were measured
using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method. Data on
MDA levels before and after extract treatment within the same group were
statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 25 with the Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05)
and paired t-test (p > 0.05), while the differences in MDA levels between groups
were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p < 0.05). The results showed that
induction with scopolamine at a dose of 4 mg/kg for 14 days did not significantly
increase serum MDA levels in rats. MDA levels tended to decrease in the normal
control group, negative control group, and the extract group at a dose of 400
mg/kg, whereas an increase in MDA levels was observed in the positive control
group and in the extract groups at doses of 800 and 1000 mg/kg. However, these
differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Therefore, administration
of the ethanol extract of Rhizophora mucronata leaves did not reduce serum MDA
levels in scopolamine-induced rats.
Keyword: antioxidant; Rhizophora mucronata leaf; malondialdehyde;
scopolamine; oxidative stres.
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